STA630 Online Quiz No. 1 Solved

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 01:38:28 AM ) Total Marks: 1
If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in his classroom to ascertain their merit and worth, he is likely conducting which type of research?
Select correct option:

Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 01:39:40 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is opposite of a variable?
Select correct option:

A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 01:40:30 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is not a feature of theoretical framework?
Select correct option:

Making an inventory of variables
Specify the direction of relationship
Presenting findings
Making an inventory of propositions

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 01:41:50 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is a discrete variable?
Select correct option:

Age
Nationality
Test score
Income

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 01:42:35 AM ) Total Marks: 1
In ______________ we collect same type of information from different respondents in different times.
Select correct option:

Cohort study
Time series Research
Panel study
Case studies

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 01:44:02 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Why, as scientists, do we not want to rely on authority for explanations?
Select correct option:

Those in authority are often wrong.
Those in authority cannot be challenged.
Those in authority rely too much on objective information.
Those in authority often have no common sense.

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 01:45:06 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is most beneficial to read in an article?
Select correct option:

Methods
Introduction
Figures
References

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 01:45:35 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Why do you need to review the existing literature?
Select correct option:

To give your dissertation a proper academic appearance, with lots of references
Because without it, you could never reach the required word-count
To find out what is already known about your area of interest
To help in your general studying

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 01:46:10 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is the least appropriate research problem?
Select correct option:

Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade students?
Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized test scores?
What is the relationship between students' math attitudes and math achievement?
Should students have access to controversial novels in school?

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 01:47:19 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Null hypothesis states:
Select correct option:

Absence of relationship
Existence of relationship
The direction of relationship
Casual relationship

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 01:48:49 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Basic and Applied Research are the classifications of research on the basis of:
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 01:50:18 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is a cross-sectional research?
Select correct option:

A study of one particular section of society
A comparison of two or more variables over a long period of time
The collection of data from more than one case at one moment in time
One that is conducted when environment is uncertain


Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 01:51:43 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the variable called that a researcher manipulates in an experiment?
Select correct option:

Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 01:52:48 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is Not a part of research design?
Select correct option:

Data collection technique
Tool of data collection
Objectives of the study
Data processing and analysis

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 01:54:06 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A variable is:
Select correct option:

Any characteristic of interest that can take on more than one value
Defined as the groups manipulated in experimental research
The complete set of scores we use in statistical analysis
Completely specified only in observational research

...........

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 02:13:44 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Null hypothesis states:
Select correct option:

Absence of relationship
Existence of relationship
The direction of relationship
Casual relationship

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 02:14:08 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the variable called that a researcher manipulates in an experiment?
Select correct option:

Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 02:14:23 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the
Select correct option:

Conceptual understanding
Dictionary meaning
Operational definition
All of the above

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 02:14:54 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is a cross-sectional research?
Select correct option:

A study of one particular section of society
A comparison of two or more variables over a long period of time
The collection of data from more than one case at one moment in time
One that is conducted when environment is uncertain

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 02:15:13 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which one of the following tasks is NOT accomplished by theoretical framework?
Select correct option:

Elaborate the relationship among the variables
Explain the logic underlying the relationship between the variables.
Describe the nature, and direction of the relationships among the variables.
Relates the previous studies.

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 02:16:37 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The elaboration of the variables in the theoretical framework addresses which type of qestions?
Select correct option:

Why we expect certain relationships to exist
How we expect certain relationships to exist
Both of the given questions
None of the given questions

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 02:17:35 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the first step in the research process?
Select correct option:

Preliminary data collection
Problem definition
Theoretical framework
Define broad problem area

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 02:18:33 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Qualitative and Quantitative Research are the classifications of research on the basis of
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 02:18:46 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Quantitative researcher's preoccupation with generalization is an attempt to:
Select correct option:

Develop the law like findings of the natural sciences.
Boost their chances of publication.
Enhance the internal validity of their research.
Demonstrate the complex techniques of statistical analysis.

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 02:19:13 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is an example of value-free research?
Select correct option:

Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 02:20:01 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Ms. Roshi has been coordinating the Annual Festival at her school for the last several years. She wants to be sure the students and parents enjoy the festival again this year. On which source is she LEAST likely to rely when making decisions about what to do?
Select correct option:

Tradition
Personal experience
Research
Expert opinion

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 02:21:25 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is NOT a legitimate research problem as stated?
Select correct option:

What is the relationship between the number of books children read and their reading scores?
Should competitive games be banned from elementary schools?
What does it mean to be a special needs child "included" in Ms. Amara’s fourth grade class?
What are the major legal principles applied to educational cases decided by the Supreme Court?

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 02:22:45 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the basis of the Scientific Method?
Select correct option:

To test hypotheses in conditions that are condusive to its success.
To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis.
To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions that challenge the hypothesis.
To test hypotheses and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely.

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 02:23:54 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the final step of a scientific investigation?
Select correct option:

Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 02:25:23 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good research topic?
Select correct option:

It is ethical.
It can be investigated through the collection and analysis of data.
It focuses on a philosophical or ethical issue.
It is theoretically or practically significant.

.................

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 03:03:37 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Qualitative and Quantitative Research are the classifications of research on the basis of
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 03:04:12 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A literature review requires;
Select correct option:

planning
clear writing
good writing
All of the given option

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 03:05:18 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A Literature review that summarizes what is known at a point in time is known as:
Select correct option:

Narrative literature review
Systematic literature review
Integrative review
Historical review

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 03:06:27 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the final step of a scientific investigation?
Select correct option:

Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 03:07:01 AM ) Total Marks: 1
According to Empiricism, which of the following is the ultimate source of all our concepts and knowledge?
Select correct option:

Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 03:07:30 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is an example of value-free research?
Select correct option:

Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 03:08:53 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The independent variable is;
Select correct option:

The variable manipulated in order to observe its effects
The variable that is measured
The free spirited variable
A confounding variable

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 03:10:16 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The following journal article would be an example of _______ research; "The benefits of florescent lighting on production in a factory setting."
Select correct option:

Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 03:10:53 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The study of research methods provides you with the knowledge and skills you need
Select correct option:

To solve the problem
To improve the decision-making process
To understand the research of others
All of the given options

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 03:12:07 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following true about the relationship between theory building and data collection?
Select correct option:

When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 03:13:34 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The operational definition is also known as
Select correct option:

Working definition
Nominal definition
Conceptual definition
Dictionary definition

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 03:14:41 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A theory is a coherent set of ________ used as principles of explanations of the apparent relationship of certain observed phenomena.
Select correct option:

Disciplines
Propositions
Empirical Realities
None of the given options

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 03:15:29 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A concept is a generalized idea about------ .
Select correct option:

A class of objects
Attributes
Occurrences
All of the given options

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 03:16:26 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is included in research proposal?
Select correct option:

Data analysis
Results
Literature review
Conclusions section

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 03:17:54 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Research questions are crucial because they will:
Select correct option:

Guide your decisions about what data to collect and from where.
Help you decide which research area interests you.
Ensure that your findings have external validity.
Prevent you from thinking about research strategies.

..............

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 03:46:37 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Basic and Applied Research are the classifications of research on the basis of:
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 03:47:15 AM ) Total Marks: 1
If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in his classroom to ascertain their merit and worth, he is likely conducting which type of research?
Select correct option:

Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 03:47:36 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is the least appropriate research problem?
Select correct option:

Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade students?
Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized test scores?
What is the relationship between students' math attitudes and math achievement?
Should students have access to controversial novels in school?

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 03:48:24 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The application of the scientific method to the study of business problems is called;
Select correct option:

Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Business research
Grounded theory

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 03:49:29 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is Not a part of research design?
Select correct option:

Data collection technique
Tool of data collection
Objectives of the study
Data processing and analysis

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 03:50:06 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is a cross-sectional research?
Select correct option:

A study of one particular section of society
A comparison of two or more variables over a long period of time
The collection of data from more than one case at one moment in time
One that is conducted when environment is uncertain

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 03:50:44 AM ) Total Marks: 1
If a researcher was studying the use of various instructional approaches to the "multiple intelligences" of his students, he is likely to be conducting which type of research?
Select correct option:

Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 03:51:49 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following steps of the scientific method is exemplified by the researcher reviewing the literature and focusing on a specific problem that has yet to be resolved?
Select correct option:

Identify a topic.
Describe the procedures to collect information.
Analyze the collected information.
State the results of the data analysis.

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 03:52:44 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the
Select correct option:

Conceptual understanding
Dictionary meaning
Operational definition
All of the above

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 03:53:53 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is not a function of clearly identified research questions?
Select correct option:

They guide your literature search.
They keep you focused throughout the data collection period.
They make the scope of your research as wide as possible.
They are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument.

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 03:55:16 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is not a feature of theoretical framework?
Select correct option:

Making an inventory of variables
Specify the direction of relationship
Presenting findings
Making an inventory of propositions

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 03:56:41 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is a relationship between the literature survey and the theoretical framework?
Select correct option:

Provides a solid foundation for developing the latter
Literature survey helps in the identification of the relevant variables
The theoretical framework explains the theory underlying these relations
All of the gven options

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 03:58:05 AM ) Total Marks: 1
According to scientific method, which of the following is Not an empirical reality?
Select correct option:

Emotions
God’s reward for good deeds
Satisfaction
None of the given options

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 03:59:33 AM ) Total Marks: 1
To say that a theory is falsifiable is to say that;
Select correct option:

It is based on results that are not replicable.
Investigators have replaced it with a simpler or more accurate theory.
We can imagine results that would contradict it.
It is so vague that it fits any and all possible results.

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 04:00:46 AM ) Total Marks: 1
After a researcher has stated the specific problem to be studied in an experiment, he must then develop a(n):
Select correct option:

Theory
Conclusion
Hypothesis
Summary of the data

...............

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 04:12:05 AM ) Total Marks: 1
“The extensive use of chocolate causes pimples”. The given hypothesis is a (an):
Select correct option:

Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 04:13:32 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the first step in the research process?
Select correct option:

Preliminary data collection
Problem definition
Theoretical framework
Define broad problem area

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 04:14:55 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The purpose of a literature review is to:
Select correct option:

Help you find out what is already known about this area.
Identify any inconsistencies or gaps in the literature.
Demonstrate an awareness of the theoretical context in which the current study can be located.
Find what is already known, identify gaps demonstrate awareness.

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 04:16:04 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Theoretical framework is trying to develop a ________ model of our study.
Select correct option:

Functional
Conceptual
Operational
Practical

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 04:17:11 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Descriptive and Explanatory Research are the classifications of research on the basis of:
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 04:18:28 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A Literature review that summarizes what is known at a point in time is known as:
Select correct option:

Narrative literature review
Systematic literature review
Integrative review
Historical review

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 04:19:45 AM ) Total Marks: 1
“High productivity is positively associated with Job commitment”. The given hypothesis is a (an):
Select correct option:

Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 04:21:13 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The application of the scientific method to the study of business problems is called;
Select correct option:

Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Business research
Grounded theory

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 04:21:35 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of following statement is true?
Select correct option:

Theory and Research are dichotomous
Theory and Research are interrelated
There is no difference between Theory and Research
None of the given statements is true

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 04:22:58 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following steps of the scientific method is exemplified by the researcher reviewing the literature and focusing on a specific problem that has yet to be resolved?
Select correct option:

Identify a topic.
Describe the procedures to collect information.
Analyze the collected information.
State the results of the data analysis.

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 04:23:26 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What type of process research is?
Select correct option:

A process to discover the truth
A process to invent the machines
A process to make new medicines
A process to create theories

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 04:24:54 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The organization of concepts in sequence from the most concrete and individual to the most general indicates is:
Select correct option:

One that bears no relation to the underlying concept.
An abstract, theoretical definition of a concept.
The degree of abstraction
An operational definition

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 04:26:16 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following statements is false?
Select correct option:

Discrete variables allow measurement of an infinite number of fractions of units of measurement.
Discrete variables can only have whole number values.
Continuous numbers can only have whole number values.
Continuous measures do not allow for scores that fall between two number values.

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 04:27:15 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A one tailed hypothesis predicts-----------
Select correct option:

The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 04:28:41 AM ) Total Marks: 1
In ______________ we collect same type of information from different respondents in different times.
Select correct option:

Cohort study
Time series Research
Panel study
Case studies

STA630 Online Quiz No. 1 Solved

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 01:38:28 AM ) Total Marks: 1
If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in his classroom to ascertain their merit and worth, he is likely conducting which type of research?
Select correct option:

Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 01:39:40 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is opposite of a variable?
Select correct option:

A constant
An extraneous variable
A dependent variable
A data set

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 01:40:30 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is not a feature of theoretical framework?
Select correct option:

Making an inventory of variables
Specify the direction of relationship
Presenting findings
Making an inventory of propositions

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 01:41:50 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is a discrete variable?
Select correct option:

Age
Nationality
Test score
Income

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 01:42:35 AM ) Total Marks: 1
In ______________ we collect same type of information from different respondents in different times.
Select correct option:

Cohort study
Time series Research
Panel study
Case studies

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 01:44:02 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Why, as scientists, do we not want to rely on authority for explanations?
Select correct option:

Those in authority are often wrong.
Those in authority cannot be challenged.
Those in authority rely too much on objective information.
Those in authority often have no common sense.

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 01:45:06 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is most beneficial to read in an article?
Select correct option:

Methods
Introduction
Figures
References

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 01:45:35 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Why do you need to review the existing literature?
Select correct option:

To give your dissertation a proper academic appearance, with lots of references
Because without it, you could never reach the required word-count
To find out what is already known about your area of interest
To help in your general studying

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 01:46:10 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is the least appropriate research problem?
Select correct option:

Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade students?
Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized test scores?
What is the relationship between students' math attitudes and math achievement?
Should students have access to controversial novels in school?

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 01:47:19 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Null hypothesis states:
Select correct option:

Absence of relationship
Existence of relationship
The direction of relationship
Casual relationship

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 01:48:49 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Basic and Applied Research are the classifications of research on the basis of:
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 01:50:18 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is a cross-sectional research?
Select correct option:

A study of one particular section of society
A comparison of two or more variables over a long period of time
The collection of data from more than one case at one moment in time
One that is conducted when environment is uncertain


Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 01:51:43 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the variable called that a researcher manipulates in an experiment?
Select correct option:

Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 01:52:48 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is Not a part of research design?
Select correct option:

Data collection technique
Tool of data collection
Objectives of the study
Data processing and analysis

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 01:54:06 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A variable is:
Select correct option:

Any characteristic of interest that can take on more than one value
Defined as the groups manipulated in experimental research
The complete set of scores we use in statistical analysis
Completely specified only in observational research

...........

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 02:13:44 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Null hypothesis states:
Select correct option:

Absence of relationship
Existence of relationship
The direction of relationship
Casual relationship

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 02:14:08 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the variable called that a researcher manipulates in an experiment?
Select correct option:

Dependent variable
Independent variable
Extraneous variable
None of the given options

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 02:14:23 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the
Select correct option:

Conceptual understanding
Dictionary meaning
Operational definition
All of the above

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 02:14:54 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is a cross-sectional research?
Select correct option:

A study of one particular section of society
A comparison of two or more variables over a long period of time
The collection of data from more than one case at one moment in time
One that is conducted when environment is uncertain

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 02:15:13 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which one of the following tasks is NOT accomplished by theoretical framework?
Select correct option:

Elaborate the relationship among the variables
Explain the logic underlying the relationship between the variables.
Describe the nature, and direction of the relationships among the variables.
Relates the previous studies.

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 02:16:37 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The elaboration of the variables in the theoretical framework addresses which type of qestions?
Select correct option:

Why we expect certain relationships to exist
How we expect certain relationships to exist
Both of the given questions
None of the given questions

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 02:17:35 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the first step in the research process?
Select correct option:

Preliminary data collection
Problem definition
Theoretical framework
Define broad problem area

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 02:18:33 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Qualitative and Quantitative Research are the classifications of research on the basis of
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 02:18:46 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Quantitative researcher's preoccupation with generalization is an attempt to:
Select correct option:

Develop the law like findings of the natural sciences.
Boost their chances of publication.
Enhance the internal validity of their research.
Demonstrate the complex techniques of statistical analysis.

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 02:19:13 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is an example of value-free research?
Select correct option:

Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 02:20:01 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Ms. Roshi has been coordinating the Annual Festival at her school for the last several years. She wants to be sure the students and parents enjoy the festival again this year. On which source is she LEAST likely to rely when making decisions about what to do?
Select correct option:

Tradition
Personal experience
Research
Expert opinion

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 02:21:25 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is NOT a legitimate research problem as stated?
Select correct option:

What is the relationship between the number of books children read and their reading scores?
Should competitive games be banned from elementary schools?
What does it mean to be a special needs child "included" in Ms. Amara’s fourth grade class?
What are the major legal principles applied to educational cases decided by the Supreme Court?

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 02:22:45 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the basis of the Scientific Method?
Select correct option:

To test hypotheses in conditions that are condusive to its success.
To formulate a research problem and disprove the hypothesis.
To formulate a research problem, test the hypothesis in carefully controlled conditions that challenge the hypothesis.
To test hypotheses and if they are disproved, they should be abandoned completely.

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 02:23:54 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the final step of a scientific investigation?
Select correct option:

Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 02:25:23 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good research topic?
Select correct option:

It is ethical.
It can be investigated through the collection and analysis of data.
It focuses on a philosophical or ethical issue.
It is theoretically or practically significant.

.................

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 03:03:37 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Qualitative and Quantitative Research are the classifications of research on the basis of
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 03:04:12 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A literature review requires;
Select correct option:

planning
clear writing
good writing
All of the given option

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 03:05:18 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A Literature review that summarizes what is known at a point in time is known as:
Select correct option:

Narrative literature review
Systematic literature review
Integrative review
Historical review

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 03:06:27 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the final step of a scientific investigation?
Select correct option:

Analyze data
Collect data
Report the findings
Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 03:07:01 AM ) Total Marks: 1
According to Empiricism, which of the following is the ultimate source of all our concepts and knowledge?
Select correct option:

Perceptions
Theory
Sensory experience
Logics and arguments

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 03:07:30 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is an example of value-free research?
Select correct option:

Conscious favor
Sympathy for the loser
Unstructured interviewing
None of the given options

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 03:08:53 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The independent variable is;
Select correct option:

The variable manipulated in order to observe its effects
The variable that is measured
The free spirited variable
A confounding variable

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 03:10:16 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The following journal article would be an example of _______ research; "The benefits of florescent lighting on production in a factory setting."
Select correct option:

Applied
Interview
Basic
Stupid

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 03:10:53 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The study of research methods provides you with the knowledge and skills you need
Select correct option:

To solve the problem
To improve the decision-making process
To understand the research of others
All of the given options

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 03:12:07 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following true about the relationship between theory building and data collection?
Select correct option:

When studies come out as expected, inductive support for the theory is gained.
If an experiment fails, discarding the experiment is an example of affirming the consequent.
When a hypothesis is not supported, virtually nothing has been learned about the theory.
A good theory will be inclusive enough to explain every possible research outcome.

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 03:13:34 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The operational definition is also known as
Select correct option:

Working definition
Nominal definition
Conceptual definition
Dictionary definition

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 03:14:41 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A theory is a coherent set of ________ used as principles of explanations of the apparent relationship of certain observed phenomena.
Select correct option:

Disciplines
Propositions
Empirical Realities
None of the given options

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 03:15:29 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A concept is a generalized idea about------ .
Select correct option:

A class of objects
Attributes
Occurrences
All of the given options

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 03:16:26 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is included in research proposal?
Select correct option:

Data analysis
Results
Literature review
Conclusions section

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 03:17:54 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Research questions are crucial because they will:
Select correct option:

Guide your decisions about what data to collect and from where.
Help you decide which research area interests you.
Ensure that your findings have external validity.
Prevent you from thinking about research strategies.

..............

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 03:46:37 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Basic and Applied Research are the classifications of research on the basis of:
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 03:47:15 AM ) Total Marks: 1
If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in his classroom to ascertain their merit and worth, he is likely conducting which type of research?
Select correct option:

Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Experimental

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 03:47:36 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is the least appropriate research problem?
Select correct option:

Does studying Latin improve the standardized vocabulary test scores of seventh grade students?
Does drilling fifth grade students with multiplication facts improve their standardized test scores?
What is the relationship between students' math attitudes and math achievement?
Should students have access to controversial novels in school?

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 03:48:24 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The application of the scientific method to the study of business problems is called;
Select correct option:

Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Business research
Grounded theory

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 03:49:29 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is Not a part of research design?
Select correct option:

Data collection technique
Tool of data collection
Objectives of the study
Data processing and analysis

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 03:50:06 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is a cross-sectional research?
Select correct option:

A study of one particular section of society
A comparison of two or more variables over a long period of time
The collection of data from more than one case at one moment in time
One that is conducted when environment is uncertain

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 03:50:44 AM ) Total Marks: 1
If a researcher was studying the use of various instructional approaches to the "multiple intelligences" of his students, he is likely to be conducting which type of research?
Select correct option:

Basic
Applied
Evaluation
Grounded theory

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 03:51:49 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following steps of the scientific method is exemplified by the researcher reviewing the literature and focusing on a specific problem that has yet to be resolved?
Select correct option:

Identify a topic.
Describe the procedures to collect information.
Analyze the collected information.
State the results of the data analysis.

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 03:52:44 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The facts that should be collected to measure a variable, depend upon the
Select correct option:

Conceptual understanding
Dictionary meaning
Operational definition
All of the above

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 03:53:53 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is not a function of clearly identified research questions?
Select correct option:

They guide your literature search.
They keep you focused throughout the data collection period.
They make the scope of your research as wide as possible.
They are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument.

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 03:55:16 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is not a feature of theoretical framework?
Select correct option:

Making an inventory of variables
Specify the direction of relationship
Presenting findings
Making an inventory of propositions

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 03:56:41 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is a relationship between the literature survey and the theoretical framework?
Select correct option:

Provides a solid foundation for developing the latter
Literature survey helps in the identification of the relevant variables
The theoretical framework explains the theory underlying these relations
All of the gven options

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 03:58:05 AM ) Total Marks: 1
According to scientific method, which of the following is Not an empirical reality?
Select correct option:

Emotions
God’s reward for good deeds
Satisfaction
None of the given options

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 03:59:33 AM ) Total Marks: 1
To say that a theory is falsifiable is to say that;
Select correct option:

It is based on results that are not replicable.
Investigators have replaced it with a simpler or more accurate theory.
We can imagine results that would contradict it.
It is so vague that it fits any and all possible results.

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 04:00:46 AM ) Total Marks: 1
After a researcher has stated the specific problem to be studied in an experiment, he must then develop a(n):
Select correct option:

Theory
Conclusion
Hypothesis
Summary of the data

...............

Question # 1 of 15 ( Start time: 04:12:05 AM ) Total Marks: 1
“The extensive use of chocolate causes pimples”. The given hypothesis is a (an):
Select correct option:

Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis

Question # 2 of 15 ( Start time: 04:13:32 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What is the first step in the research process?
Select correct option:

Preliminary data collection
Problem definition
Theoretical framework
Define broad problem area

Question # 3 of 15 ( Start time: 04:14:55 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The purpose of a literature review is to:
Select correct option:

Help you find out what is already known about this area.
Identify any inconsistencies or gaps in the literature.
Demonstrate an awareness of the theoretical context in which the current study can be located.
Find what is already known, identify gaps demonstrate awareness.

Question # 4 of 15 ( Start time: 04:16:04 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Theoretical framework is trying to develop a ________ model of our study.
Select correct option:

Functional
Conceptual
Operational
Practical

Question # 5 of 15 ( Start time: 04:17:11 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Descriptive and Explanatory Research are the classifications of research on the basis of:
Select correct option:

Use of the research
Time dimension
Techniques used
Purpose of the research

Question # 6 of 15 ( Start time: 04:18:28 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A Literature review that summarizes what is known at a point in time is known as:
Select correct option:

Narrative literature review
Systematic literature review
Integrative review
Historical review

Question # 7 of 15 ( Start time: 04:19:45 AM ) Total Marks: 1
“High productivity is positively associated with Job commitment”. The given hypothesis is a (an):
Select correct option:

Descriptive hypothesis
Explanatory hypothesis
Non-Directional hypothesis
Co-relational hypothesis

Question # 8 of 15 ( Start time: 04:21:13 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The application of the scientific method to the study of business problems is called;
Select correct option:

Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Business research
Grounded theory

Question # 9 of 15 ( Start time: 04:21:35 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of following statement is true?
Select correct option:

Theory and Research are dichotomous
Theory and Research are interrelated
There is no difference between Theory and Research
None of the given statements is true

Question # 10 of 15 ( Start time: 04:22:58 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following steps of the scientific method is exemplified by the researcher reviewing the literature and focusing on a specific problem that has yet to be resolved?
Select correct option:

Identify a topic.
Describe the procedures to collect information.
Analyze the collected information.
State the results of the data analysis.

Question # 11 of 15 ( Start time: 04:23:26 AM ) Total Marks: 1
What type of process research is?
Select correct option:

A process to discover the truth
A process to invent the machines
A process to make new medicines
A process to create theories

Question # 12 of 15 ( Start time: 04:24:54 AM ) Total Marks: 1
The organization of concepts in sequence from the most concrete and individual to the most general indicates is:
Select correct option:

One that bears no relation to the underlying concept.
An abstract, theoretical definition of a concept.
The degree of abstraction
An operational definition

Question # 13 of 15 ( Start time: 04:26:16 AM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following statements is false?
Select correct option:

Discrete variables allow measurement of an infinite number of fractions of units of measurement.
Discrete variables can only have whole number values.
Continuous numbers can only have whole number values.
Continuous measures do not allow for scores that fall between two number values.

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 04:27:15 AM ) Total Marks: 1
A one tailed hypothesis predicts-----------
Select correct option:

The future
The lottery result
The frequency of the effect
The direction of the effect

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 04:28:41 AM ) Total Marks: 1
In ______________ we collect same type of information from different respondents in different times.
Select correct option:

Cohort study
Time series Research
Panel study
Case studies

STA301 Assignment No. 1 solution

Assignment No.1 (Course STA301)

 Fall 2010 (Total Marks 30)

Deadline

Your Assignment must be uploaded/ submitted before or on

23:59 29^th 4^th Nov, 2010   

STUDENTS ARE STRICTLY DIRECTED TO SUBMIT THEIR ASSIGNMENT BEFORE OR BY DUE DATE. NO ASSIGNMNENT AFTER DUE DATE WILL BE ACCEPTED VIA E.MAIL).

Rules for Marking

It should be clear that your Assignment will not get any credit IF:

• The Assignment submitted, via email, after due date.
• The submitted Assignment is not found as MS Word document file.
• There will be unnecessary, extra or irrelevant material.
• The Statistical notations/symbols are not well-written i.e., without using MathType software.
• The Assignment will be copied from handouts, internet or from any other student’s file. Copied material (from handouts, any book or by any website) will be awarded ZERO MARKS. It is PLAGIARISM and an Academic Crime.
• The medium of the course is English. Assignment in Urdu or Roman languages will not be accepted.
• Assignment means Comprehensive yet precise accurate details about the given topic quoting different sources (books/articles/websites etc.). Do not rely only on handouts. You can take data/information from different authentic sources (like books, magazines, website etc) BUT express/organize all the collected material in YOUR OWN WORDS. Only then you will get good marks.

Objective(s) of this Assignment:

• The assignment is being uploaded to strengthen the students’ BASIC concepts about statistics.
•  How to recognize and differentiate among different types of data in real life examples.
• Hands on arranging and displaying already collected data into an organized form, using given statistical method.
• Make students able to understand the concept of measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion.

Assignment.1 (Lessons 1-11)

Question 1:                                                                                                               Marks: 5+5=10

Give an answer of the followings:

• Define an array.
• University students have been assigned roll no’s according to their marks. Which scale of measurement is used to assign the roll numbers?
• When statistical results are misleading?

(b) Make discrete frequency distribution from the given data,

       1,2,3,2,1,2,1,3, 4,5,1,2,3,1,4,2, 2,3,2,1,4,4,4,2,1,    

Also find;

• Cumulative frequencies
• Relative frequencies

Question 2:                                                                                                                        Marks: 2+8=10

(a) Find Geometric mean from the following data.

1, 2, 3,2,4,5,4,3,4,-1,4, 3,0,1,-3, 2,4

(b) The weight of the 40 male students at a university is given in the following frequency table:

Weight	frequency
118-126	3
127-135	5
136-144	9
145-153	12
154-162	5
163-171	4
172-180	2

Calculate median and mode from the above data.

Question 3:                                                                                                                      Marks: 2+2+6 =10

(a) Why Quartile deviation is better than the Rang?

(b) For given data calculate range and coefficient of range,

0.035, 0.045, 0.031, 0.044, 0.032

(c) Calculate an appropriate measure of dispersion for the following data.

Farm Size (acre)	No. of Farms
Bellow 40	394
41-80	461
81-120	391
121-160	334
161-200	169
201-240	113
241 and above	148

                                                             


Solution:

Q.NO.1

ARRAY

1. to place in proper or desired order; marshal: Napoleon arrayed his troops for battle.

2. to clothe with garments, esp. of an ornamental kind; dress up; deck out: She arrayed herself in furs and diamonds.

3. order or arrangement, as of troops drawn up for battle.

4. military force, esp. a body of troops.

5. a large and impressive grouping or organization of things: He couldn't dismiss the array of facts.

6. regular order or arrangement; series: an array of figures.

7. a large group, number, or quantity of people or things: an impressive array of scholars; an imposing array of books.

8. attire; dress: in fine array.

9. an arrangement of interrelated objects or items of equipment for accomplishing a particular task: thousands of solar cells in one vast array.

10. Mathematics, Statistics .
a. an arrangement of a series of terms according to value, as from largest to smallest.
b. an arrangement of a series of terms in some geometric pattern, as in a matrix.

11. Computers . a block of related data elements, each of which is usually identified by one or more subscripts

Q1(b)

Make discrete frequency distribution from the given data,
1,2,3,2,1,2,1,3, 4,5,1,2,3,1,4,2, 2,3,2,1,4,4,4,2,1,

X                           F                           CF                         rf

1                           7                           7                           7/25=0.28

2                           8                           15                          8/25=

3                           4                           19                          4/25=

4                           5                           24                          5/25=

5                           1                           25                          1/25=

  

Question 2: (a) Find Geometric mean from the following data.
1, 2, 3,2,4,5,4,3,4,-1,4, 3,0,1,-3, 2,4


AS WE can see data contain 0 we can not take log for 0 so it is impossible to solve this question for Geometric mean

Remember when data have 0 we cannot compute Geometric mean as well as harmonic mean

For given data calculate range and coefficient of range,
0.035, 0.045, 0.031, 0.044, 0.032

Range=0.045-0.031=0.014

coefficient of range=0.045-0.031/0.045+0.031
=0.014/0.076
=0.1842

QNO3(A):
The quartile deviation is superior to range as it is not affected by extremely large or small observations. It is simple to understand and easy to calculate. The quartile deviation is as widely used as other measures of dispersion. It is used in situations where extreme observations are thought to be unrepresentative.

When statistical results are misleading?

The world is littered with statistics, and the average person is bombarded with five statistics a day1. Statistics can be misleading and sometimes deliberately distorting. There are three kinds of commonly recognised untruths:

Lies, damn lies and statistics.
- Mark Twain
This quote from Mark Twain is accurate; statistics are often used to lie to the public because most people do not understand how statistics work. The aim of this entry is to acquaint the reader with the basics of statistical analysis and to help them determine when someone is trying to pull a fast one.

Think about how stupid the average person is; now realise half of them are dumber than that.
- George Carlin
There are many books which teach statistics, but they are mostly big and heavy mathematical books, which cost a lot of money, and which may require a degree in the subject to understand anyway. For many years there has been a need for a Statistics for Dummies book and in fact there is one, written by Deborah Rumsey. On the Internet information on how to understand statistics can be found, but the sites mostly cater for medical students who need to examine experimental drug studies, although a great online starting place is RobertNiles.com, which explains how to examine statistics for errors and how to create your own statistics correctly

  

(c) Calculate an appropriate measure of dispersion for the following data.
In this situation we will calculate Quartile deviation be cause we can not find value for X due to open end classes so we will be unable to compute S.D variance mean deviation average etc only quartile deviation is suitable calulate it your self